Pengaruh Penyesuaian Warna pada Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) terhadap Kemampuan Working Memory pada Anak Autisme
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyesuaian warna pada Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) terhadap kemampuan Working Memory pada anak autisme. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pusat Latihan Autisme (PLA) Sidoarjo dan PAUD Ceria Universitas Airlangga dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 4 anak, dengan rincian 2 anak autisme hiposensitif dan 2 anak autisme hipersensitif. Alat intervensi selama penelitian berupa 15 gambar PECS yang sudah disesuaikan warnanya menurut teori warna Birren (2010) dan teori warna Brewster yang diciptakan pada tahun 1831, dengan kondisi autisme hiposensitif dan hipersensitif menurut Mostafa (2008) yang dibuat sendiri oleh peneliti. Sedangkan untuk instrument pretest dan posttest peneliti menggunakan teori short-term memory dari Atkinson (2014) dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui apakah subyek dapat memahami informasi dengan waktu maksimal 30 detik.Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian menggunakan analisis statistik Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, diperoleh bahwa tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara warna pada PECS terhadap kemampuan working memory anak autisme karena nilai signifikansinya 0.180 karena jumlah subyek yang terlalu sedikit yaitu 4 anak. Akan tetapi dari hasil grafik pretest posttest serta catatan peneliti, keempat subyek mengalami peningkatan skor yang cukup banyak.
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