Simulasi Modal Analysis Chassis Kendaraan Listrik EV-01 Menggunakan ANSYS Workbench
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70609/metrotech.v5i1.8463Kata Kunci:
Mobil listrik, Analisis modal, ANSYS, Desain rangka, Dinamika strukturAbstrak
Perkembangan mobil listrik yang semakin pesat menuntut desain rangka yang ringan, kuat, dan mampu menahan getaran selama pengoperasian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik modal rangka kendaraan listrik menggunakan metode Finite Element Analysis (FEA) pada ANSYS 2024 R1. Analisis modal dilakukan untuk mengetahui frekuensi alami dan bentuk getaran rangka, sehingga dapat dipastikan bahwa struktur tidak mengalami resonansi akibat getaran motor, kondisi jalan yang tidak rata, maupun osilasi sistem penggerak. Model rangka tiga dimensi dirancang menggunakan SolidWorks dan dianalisis dalam kondisi free modal tanpa batasan tumpuan agar respons dinamis rangka dapat tergambar secara realistis. Tiga jenis material dibandingkan, yaitu Structural Steel, Titanium Alloy, dan Epoxy Carbon Composite, yang umum digunakan dalam pengembangan rangka mobil listrik karena karakteristik kekuatan dan efisiensi beratnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Structural Steel memiliki frekuensi alami tertinggi namun dengan bobot yang lebih besar. Titanium Alloy memberikan keseimbangan antara kekakuan dan pengurangan massa, sedangkan Epoxy Carbon Composite menunjukkan frekuensi lebih rendah tetapi memiliki potensi redaman getaran dan efisiensi massa yang baik. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa pemilihan material sangat berpengaruh terhadap respons dinamis dan keamanan struktural rangka kendaraan listrik. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penggunaan material komposit atau kombinasi material sebagai pendekatan optimal dalam pengembangan rangka mobil listrik pada masa mendatang.
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