Optimalisasi Zakat dan Wakaf melalui Inovasi Digital dalam Rangka Maqashid Syariah: Solusi Pengentasan Kemiskinan di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36636/dialektika.v10i2.6939Kata Kunci:
Zakat, Waqf, Maqashid Syariah, Poverty Alleviation, Islamic PhilanthropyAbstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi peran zakat dan waqf sebagai alat filantropi Islam dalam pengentasan kemiskinan dan pembangunan berkelanjutan di Indonesia, dengan mengintegrasikan prinsip-prinsip maqāṣid al-sharīʿah dengan inovasi digital. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif-kritis dengan triangulasi data, penelitian ini menganalisis data empiris dari laporan resmi dan literatur terkini. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa distribusi zakat secara signifikan mengurangi kemiskinan, sementara waqf produktif meningkatkan akses ke layanan pendidikan dan kesehatan. Namun, kendala institusional, kapasitas nazhir yang terbatas, dan hambatan teknologi—terutama di daerah pedesaan—menghambat efektivitasnya. Wawasan komparatif dari Malaysia, Turki, dan Arab Saudi menyoroti praktik terbaik dalam pengelolaan zakat dan waqf digital, seperti adopsi blockchain dan pendaftaran waqf terpusat, yang menjadi dasar kerangka kerja kontekstual yang diusulkan untuk Indonesia. Studi ini mengadvokasi pendekatan holistik yang menggabungkan maqāṣid al-sharīʿah dengan digitalisasi, didukung oleh sinergi antara pemerintah, lembaga filantropi, dan komunitas lokal.
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