Risk Barriers and Mitigation Strategies for High-Rise Building Delays in Surabaya Using Fuzzy Logic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70609/g-tech.v10i2.9154Keywords:
Construction delay, Risk barrier, fuzzy logic, Defuzzification, SurabayaAbstract
Delays in high-rise building projects negatively affect cost, quality, and schedule performance. This study aims to identify the main risk barriers and formulate appropriate mitigation strategies using a fuzzy logic approach. Data were collected from 80 valid respondents occupying strategic and operational roles in construction projects in Surabaya. Linguistic assessments (Low, Medium, High) were converted into Triangular Fuzzy Numbers and defuzzified using the centroid method to obtain crisp severity scores. The results indicate that cost overruns due to design revisions by the project owner (D4) represent the most critical risk barrier, with a defuzzification score of 3.717 (high category), followed by ineffective project control (E1) with a score of 3.483 (upper-medium category). The severity gap between D4 and the overall average of other indicators (≈3.30) shows a dominant external risk influence of approximately 0.40 points on the 1–5 fuzzy scale. Mitigation preferences reveal that risk avoidance is the dominant strategy for D4 (34 respondents), emphasizing design finalization before construction, while risk reduction is dominant for E1 (37 respondents), highlighting intensive monitoring and routine progress evaluation. Practically, prioritizing risks above the 3.50 threshold provides a structured basis for focusing managerial attention on the most critical delay drivers. Theoretically, this study demonstrates that fuzzy logic enhances decision accuracy by transforming subjective expert judgments into measurable and ranked risk severity values for high-rise construction projects.
References
Abd El Khalek, H. (2016). Risk and Uncertainty Assessment Model in Construction Projects Using Fuzzy Logic. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20160401.13
Al-Mhdawi, M. K. S., Qazi, A., Karakhan, A. A., Pour Rahimian, F., Abualqumboz, M., Al Mhdawi, A. K., & Al-Raweshidy, H. (2024). Implementation of a Combined Fuzzy Controller Model to Enhance Risk Assessment in Oil and Gas Construction Projects. IEEE Access, 12. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3399129
Basari, I. (2017). Estimation Risk of High Risk Building Project on Contractor. IPTEK Journal of Engineering, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.12962/joe.v3i2.2790
Doloi, H. (2013). Cost Overruns and Failure in Project Management: Understanding the Roles of Key Stakeholders in Construction Projects. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 139(3). https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000621
Gea, S. (2016). Hambatan komunikasi antarpribadi pada hubungan kerja pimpinan dengan karyawan dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan (studi kasus pada kfc suzuya binjai). Jurnal Komunikasi Hasil Pemikiran Dan Penelitian, 2(2).
Gebrehiwet, T., & Luo, H. (2019). Risk level evaluation on construction project lifecycle using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and TOPSIS. Symmetry, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11010012
Harsoyo, Y. A., & Arkan, M. R. (2020). Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Keterlambatan dan Waste Time pada Proyek Pembangunan Konstruksi Turbine Hall PLTU Tambak Lorok Block 3 Semarang. Semesta Teknika, 23(2).
Kareem, M. (2023). Enhancing Construction Risk Analysis through Fuzzy Logic and Analytical Hierarchy Process. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4578239
Kurniawan, W., & Nursin, A. (2021). Analisis Pengaruh Kerja Lembur terhadap Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja Konstruksi pada Pekerjaan Struktur Bawah. RekaRacana: Jurnal Teknil Sipil, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.26760/rekaracana.v7i2.108
Manea, A. K. (2018). Analysis of Construction Delay due to Poor Planning using Fuzzy Logic Technique. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 6(7). https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2018.7072
Noviyarsi, N., Yulius, M. N., Bakar, Y., & Suryani, E. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh Faktor-Faktor Produktivitas Kerja Proyek Konstruksi Dengan Relative Importance Index (RII) Dan Regresi Linear Berganda. JISI: Jurnal Integrasi Sistem Industri, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.24853/jisi.10.1.27-38
Rhosani, D. P., Dhokhikah, Y., & Trisiana, A. (2020). ANALYSIS OF TECHNICAL RISK AT CONSTRUCTION PROJECT BY USING FUZZY LOGIC METHOD (CASE STUD: GRAND SUNGKONO LAGOON). Jurnal Rekayasa Sipil Dan Lingkungan, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.19184/jrsl.v4i1.9328
Sandi, P. V., Murni, V., Baskara, G. M. B., Moa, M. J., Gondia, M., & Rusdi, E. (2022). Pelatihan Manajemen Proyek Konstruksi Sederhana Untuk Peningkatan Pengetahuan Bagi Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan. JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri), 6(6). https://doi.org/10.31764/jmm.v6i6.10836
Santoso, D. S., Ogunlana, S. O., & Minato, T. (2003). Assessment of risks in high rise building construction in Jakarta. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/09699980310466541
Shirleyana, S., Hawken, S., & Sunindijo, R. Y. (2018). City of Kampung: risk and resilience in the urban communities of Surabaya, Indonesia. In International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation (Vol. 36, Number 5). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBPA-02-2018-0025
Singh, S., & Trivedi, M. K. (2012). Application of Fuzzy Logic in Delay Analysis in Construction. International Journal Of Computational Engineering Research, 2(2).
Sutantio, A., Anwar, N., Wiguna, I. P. A., & Suryani, E. (2022). A System Dynamics Model of Sustainable Construction for High rise Residential Projects in Developing Countries: Case of Indonesia. The Open Civil Engineering Journal, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.2174/18741495-v16-e2205300
Vahedi Nikbakht, M., Gheibi, M., Montazeri, H., Yeganeh Khaksar, R., Moezzi, R., & Vadiee, A. (2024). Identification and Ranking of Factors Affecting the Delay Risk of High-Rise Construction Projects Using AHP and VIKOR Methods. Infrastructures, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9020024
Valente, A., & Nascimento, M. (2021). Risk Prediction of Delay in the Execution of Public Works Through Fuzzy Logic. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 9(11). https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol9.iss11.3471
Yuswantoro, R. N., & Indarjo, S. (2023). Praktik Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri Pada Karyawan Bagian Produksi Perusahaan Konstruksi. HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development), 7(2). https://doi.org/10.15294/higeia.v7i2.64430
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Ninda Qurmaulia Dhani, Michella Beatrix, Mochamad Firmansyah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
