Religiusitas dan stress pada penderita HIV/AIDS perempuan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36636/psikodinamika.v2i2.1514Kata Kunci:
penderita HIV/AIDS, perempuan, religiusitas, stressAbstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara religiusitas dengan tekanan psikologis (stress) pada penderita perempuan di Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah menyajikan kuesioner kepada 30 perempuan penderita HIV /AIDS di Surabaya yang telah bersedia berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Subyek penelitian ini diseleksi dengan menegakkan diagnosis HIV positif (CD4 test dengan skor dibawah 410). Hasil uji laboratorium menyatakan semua peserta (30 orang) mempunyai skor CD4 dibawah 410 atau dengan kata lain semuanya mempunyai status HIV positif. Setelah subyek diseleksi maka dibagikan kuisioner religiusitas dan stress. Data kemudian dilakukan uji statistik dengan analisis korelasi antara variabel religiusitas dengan tekanan psikologis (stress) pada penderita HIV/AIDS perempuan. Hasil yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan negatif antara religiusitas dengan tekanan psikologi (stress). Artinya, subyek dalam penelitian ini semakin mempunyai religiusitas yang tinggi maka semakin rendah tekanan psikologisnya (stress). Dan sebaliknya, jika religiusitas rendah maka subyek dalam penelitian mempunyai tekanan psikologis (stress) yang tinggi.
Referensi
Bronfenbrenner, U. 1994. Ecological model of human development. International Encyclopedia of Education 3 (2): 37-43.
Ciesla, J.A. & Roberts, J.E. (2001). Meta-analysis of the relationship between HIV infectionand risk for depressive disorders. The American Journal Of Psychiatry, 158(5), 725-730.
Cohen, S. & Janicki-Deverts, D. (2012).Who’s Stressed? Distributions of Psychological Stress in the United States in Proba bility Samples from 1983, 2006, and 2009. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42(6), 1320–1334.
Cohen, S., & JANICKI‐DEVERTS, D. E. N. I. S. E. (2012). Who's stressed? Distributions of psychological stress in the United States in probability samples from 1983, 2006, and 20091. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42(6), 1320-1334.
Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310.
Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of health and social behavior, 385-396.
Cornwall, M., Albrecht, S. L., Cunningham, P. H., & Pitcher, B. L. (1986). The dimensions of religiosity: A conceptual model with an empirical test. Review of Religious Research, 226-244.
Durkheim, E. 1976. The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. London: Routledge
Hardjana, A.M. (1994). Stres Tanpa Distres: Seni Mengolah Stres. Yogya: Kanisius
Ironson, G., Solomon, G.F., Balbin, E.G., O’Cleirigh, C., George, A., Kumar, M., Larson, D., &Woods, T.E. (2002). The Ironson-woods Spirituality/Religiousness Index is associated with long survival, health behaviors, less distress, and low cortisol in people with HIV/AIDS. Annals of Behavioral Medicine: a publication of the Society of Behavioral
Kaplan, M.S., Marks, G., &Mertens, S.B. (1997) Distress and coping among women with HIV infection. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 67, 80-91.
Lipsitz, J.D., Williams, J.B., Rabkin, J.G., et al. (1994). Psychopathology in male and female intravenous drug users with and without HIV infection.American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 1662-1668.
Myers, H.F. (1996). The Social Resources and Social Supports Questionnaire: A multidimensional inventory. In R.L. Jones (Ed.), Handbook of Tests and Measurements for Black Populations (Volume 2) (pp. 427-441). Hampton, VA: Cobb & Henry Publishers.
Moore, J., Schuman, P., Schoenbaum, E., Boland, B., Solomon, L., & Smith, D. (1999).Severeadverse life events and depressive symptoms among womenwith, or at risk for, HIV infection in four cities in the United States of America. AIDS, 13, 2459-2468.
Moneyham, L., Seals, B., Sowell, R., Hennessy, M., Demi, A.,& Brake, S. (1997). The impact of HIV on emotional distress of infected women: cognitive appraisal and coping as mediators. Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice: An International Journal, 11, 125- 145.
Nelson-Becker, H. 2003. Practical philosophies: Interpretations of religion and spirituality by African American and European American elders. Journal of Religious Gerontology 14: 85–100.
Paloutzian, R.F., & Park, C.L. 2005. Handbook of the Psychology Religion and Spirituality. New York: The Guilford Press.
Reis, R. S., Ferreira, A. A., & Rodrigues-Anes, C. R. (2010). Perceived stress scale: Reliability and validity study in Brazil. Journal of Health Psychology, 15(1), 107-114.
Sarafino, E.P, 1990, 1998, Health Psychology: Biopsychosocial Interaction (2nd – 3rd Ed). New York: John Willey and Sons, Inc.
Schonnesson, L.N. (1999). Life at focus: A study on quality of life among gay men and heterosexual women with HIV infection. Gothenburg University, Department of social work.Report 3.
Schonnesson, L.N. (2002). Psychological and existential issues and quality of life in people living with HIV infection. AIDS Care, 12(3), 399-404.Schimoff (2008, h.66).
Silberman, I. 2005. Religion as a meaning system: implications for the new millennium. Journal of Social Issues 61(4): 641-663.
Tix, A. P., & Frazier, P. A. (1998). The use of religious coping during stressful life events: main effects, moderation, and mediation. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 66(2), 411.
UNAIDS/WHO (2002). AIDS epidemic update: December 2002. Geneva, Switzerland.
Widiyatna, 2009. Mencermati Prevalensi HIV/AIDS. The Learning University: Universitas Negeri Malang.
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2022 Muhammad Ghazali Bagus Ani Putra
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The author who wishes to publish articles in this journal agree with the following conditions:
- Author retains the copyright and simultaneously provides the journal the first publishing rights of the manuscript under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an initial job writing and publishing statement in this journal.
- The author can include in separate additional contractual arrangements for the rich version of non-exclusive distribution of journal publications (eg posting it to the institutional repository or publishing it in a book), with recognition of publishing initially in this journal.
- The author is permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example: in the institutional repository or on their website) before and during the submission process because it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and more powerful citations of published works. (See open access policy).
