Analisis Pengaruh Arus Listrik dan Elektroda Terhadap Kekuatan dan Kekerasan pada Proses Pengelasan SMAW Baja Karbon Rendah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33379/gtech.v8i2.4070Keywords:
Electric Current, Low Carbon Steel, Electrode, Material Hardness, Welding Strength, Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Electrode Diameter Variation.Abstract
The Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process, a common method in electric arc welding, is the focus of this research. The study utilizes low carbon steel plates with variations in electrode diameters. The primary objectives are to evaluate the strength of the welding outcomes and analyze the hardness levels in each zone of the subjected workpiece. Employing an experimental approach, low carbon steel plates are selected, cut with a V-groove, and joined using the SMAW electric welding technique. Data collection involves tensile testing, macroscopic observations of specimens post-tensile testing, and hardness testing in three welding zones. Research findings indicate that the heat generated by the electric current significantly impacts the changes in strength and hardness levels in all three welding zones. The highest tensile strength is achieved with a welding current of 120 A, and hardness testing reveals variations in each zone. The base metal (BM) exhibits the highest hardness levels in welding with 80 A current and a 2.6 mm electrode diameter, while the Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ) shows maximum hardness in specimens with a 120 A current and a 3.2 mm electrode diameter. The Weld Metal (WM) area attains the highest hardness level in specimens with a 120 A electric current and a 3.2 mm electrode diameter.
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